Mode-Locked Based on Side-Polished Fiber Coated with Gold as a Medium for the Temperature Sensor

Authors

  • Noor Azura Awang Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology (FAST), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Pagoh Branch Campus, Pagoh Higher Education Hub, Km 1, Jalan Panchor, 84600 Muar, Johor Darul Ta'zim, MALAYSIA.
  • Nik Noor Haryatul Eleena Nik Mahmud School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, MALAYSIA. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2280-585X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22452/

Keywords:

Gold nanoparticle, Fiber laser, Mode-locked, Side-polished fiber, Temperature sensor

Abstract

We present a mode-locked based on side-polished fiber (SPF) as a medium for temperature sensing. To develop a mode-locked fiber sensor (MLFS), an erbium-doped fiber and gold nanoparticles with 10 nm thickness were coated onto SPF. An MLFS pulse was generated at 38.5 MHz with a pulse interval of 0.0258 µs, matching the cavity round-trip time. The sensing part was tested under two conditions: heating (100 to 0 °C) and cooling (0 to 100 °C). The experiment revealed a linear relationship between the resonant wavelength shift and temperature variations, with sensitivities of 0.4079 and 0.3775 nm °C⁻¹ during heating and cooling, respectively. The SNR value increased from 43.9 to 56.3 dB, indicating stable output power precision. Moreover, the incorporation of a gold-nanoparticle coating on SPF improved sensor sensitivity and reliability while reducing the effects of external variables such as moisture and vibration. These properties also describe the sensor's strength and adaptability in demanding industrial and commercial applications. Future research will focus on assessing long-term performance under changing environmental conditions, thereby ensuring dependability across varied contexts.

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Published

30-06-2026

Issue

Vol. 45 No. Sp1 (2026): Special Issue: FAST-UTHM GLOBAL NEXUS CONFERENCE 2024 - 9th International Conference on the Application of Science and Mathematics (SCIEMATHIC) 2024

Section

Special Issue - FAST-UTHM Global Nexus Conference 2024

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